Firoozan, S, Satpathy, S, Shakiba, M, King, DA (September 2024) Recent advances in immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer: a narrative review. Digestive Medicine Research, 7. p. 15. ISSN 2617-1627
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Abstract
Background and Objective: Pancreatic cancer is the twelfth most common cancer worldwide. While cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the standard treatment, outcomes remain poor with a 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of only about 10%. The study of immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer is an area of active investigation. The objective of this work is to review innovations in immunotherapy for management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), including checkpoint inhibitors (CIs), CD40 agonists, vaccines, bi-specific antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Methods: Searches of the PubMed database and Google Scholar were completed with search terms “pancreatic cancer” and “immunotherapy” for articles published between January 1, 2000–December 20, 2023. A clinicaltrials.gov search was performed using the same search terms. Key Content and Findings: Unlike the progress seen in survival of other solid tumors, pancreatic cancer remains a highly deadly disease. Poor disease survival is largely due to the tumor’s immunosuppressive microenvironment and low tumor mutational burden, resulting in an “immunologically cold tumor” with low response rates to currently available therapies. New therapies are urgently needed. This article provides a comprehensive update of various novel immunotherapy approaches to treat pancreatic cancer. Checkpoint inhibitors, CD40 agonists, vaccines, bi-specific antibodies, and CAR T-cell therapies aim to “warm up” the tumor through different biologic mechanisms reviewed herein. This article also provides an introduction of ongoing clinical trials that pertain to these categories. The limited number of tumor samples in these early clinical trials underscores the need to identify and evaluate expression of tumor markers, and their correlation to the effectiveness of the new therapeutic agents. Furthermore, identification of surrogate markers for treatment efficacy are needed to guide future research. Conclusions: The field of immunotherapy is rapidly evolving and emerging as a promising modality for treatment of pancreatic cancer, requiring further research.
| Item Type: | Paper |
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| Subjects: | diseases & disorders > cancer diseases & disorders diseases & disorders > cancer > drugs and therapies diseases & disorders > cancer > drugs and therapies > Immunotherapy diseases & disorders > cancer > cancer types > pancreatic cancer diseases & disorders > cancer > cancer types |
| CSHL Authors: | |
| Communities: | CSHL labs > Tuveson lab |
| SWORD Depositor: | CSHL Elements |
| Depositing User: | CSHL Elements |
| Date: | 30 September 2024 |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Oct 2024 14:07 |
| Last Modified: | 07 Oct 2024 14:07 |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | https://repository.cshl.edu/id/eprint/41699 |
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