Modified penetrance of coding variants by cis-regulatory variation contributes to disease risk

Castel, S. E., Cervera, A., Mohammadi, P., Aguet, F., Reverter, F., Wolman, A., Guigo, R., Iossifov, I., Vasileva, A., Lappalainen, T. (August 2018) Modified penetrance of coding variants by cis-regulatory variation contributes to disease risk. Nat Genet, 50 (9). pp. 1327-1334. ISSN 1061-4036

URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30127527
DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0192-y

Abstract

Coding variants represent many of the strongest associations between genotype and phenotype; however, they exhibit inter-individual differences in effect, termed 'variable penetrance'. Here, we study how cis-regulatory variation modifies the penetrance of coding variants. Using functional genomic and genetic data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx), we observed that in the general population, purifying selection has depleted haplotype combinations predicted to increase pathogenic coding variant penetrance. Conversely, in cancer and autism patients, we observed an enrichment of penetrance increasing haplotype configurations for pathogenic variants in disease-implicated genes, providing evidence that regulatory haplotype configuration of coding variants affects disease risk. Finally, we experimentally validated this model by editing a Mendelian single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) using CRISPR/Cas9 on distinct expression haplotypes with the transcriptome as a phenotypic readout. Our results demonstrate that joint regulatory and coding variant effects are an important part of the genetic architecture of human traits and contribute to modified penetrance of disease-causing variants.

Item Type: Paper
Subjects: bioinformatics
diseases & disorders > cancer
bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification
bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing
bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics
Investigative techniques and equipment
diseases & disorders > mental disorders > personality disorders > autism
bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification > cis-regulatory elements
Investigative techniques and equipment > CRISPR-Cas9
bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification > single nucleotide polymorphism > haplotype
bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification > single nucleotide polymorphism
bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > transcriptomes
CSHL Authors:
Communities: CSHL labs > Iossifov lab
Depositing User: Matthew Dunn
Date: 20 August 2018
Date Deposited: 28 Aug 2018 19:12
Last Modified: 07 Feb 2024 18:42
PMCID: PMC6119105
Related URLs:
URI: https://repository.cshl.edu/id/eprint/37172

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