Newly Discovered Alleles of the Tomato Antiflorigen Gene SELF PRUNING Provide a Range of Plant Compactness and Yield

Kang, Min-Sung, Kim, Yong Jun, Heo, Jung, Rajendran, Sujeevan, Wang, Xingang, Bae, Jong Hyang, Lippman, Zachary, Park, Soon Ju (June 2022) Newly Discovered Alleles of the Tomato Antiflorigen Gene SELF PRUNING Provide a Range of Plant Compactness and Yield. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23 (13). p. 7149. ISSN 1661-6596

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Abstract

In tomato cultivation, a rare natural mutation in the flowering repressor antiflorigen gene SELF-PRUNING (sp-classic) induces precocious shoot termination and is the foundation in determinate tomato breeding for open field production. Heterozygous single flower truss (sft) mutants in the florigen SFT gene in the background of sp-classic provide a heterosis-like effect by delaying shoot termination, suggesting the subtle suppression of determinacy by genetic modification of the florigen-antiflorigen balance could improve yield. Here, we isolated three new sp alleles from the tomato germplasm that show modified determinate growth compared to sp-classic, including one allele that mimics the effect of sft heterozygosity. Two deletion alleles eliminated functional transcripts and showed similar shoot termination, determinate growth, and yields as sp-classic. In contrast, amino acid substitution allele sp-5732 showed semi-determinate growth with more leaves and sympodial shoots on all shoots. This translated to greater yield compared to the other stronger alleles by up to 42%. Transcriptome profiling of axillary (sympodial) shoot meristems (SYM) from sp-classic and wild type plants revealed six mis-regulated genes related to the floral transition, which were used as biomarkers to show that the maturation of SYMs in the weaker sp-5732 genotype is delayed compared to sp-classic, consistent with delayed shoot termination and semi-determinate growth. Assessing sp allele frequencies from over 500 accessions indicated that one of the strong sp alleles (sp-2798) arose in early breeding cultivars but was not selected. The newly discovered sp alleles are potentially valuable resources to quantitatively manipulate shoot growth and yield in determinate breeding programs, with sp-5732 providing an opportunity to develop semi-determinate field varieties with higher yields.

Item Type:	Paper
Subjects:	bioinformatics bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification > genes, structure and function > alleles bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification > genes, structure and function organs, tissues, organelles, cell types and functions > tissues types and functions > meristem organs, tissues, organelles, cell types and functions bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > protein structure, function, modification > protein types > plant proteins organs, tissues, organelles, cell types and functions > tissues types and functions
CSHL Authors:	Wang, Xingang Lippman, Zachary B.
Communities:	CSHL labs > Lippman lab
SWORD Depositor:	CSHL Elements
Depositing User:	CSHL Elements
Date:	28 June 2022
Date Deposited:	19 Jul 2022 22:28
Last Modified:	11 Jan 2024 20:44
PMCID:	PMC9266710
URI:	https://repository.cshl.edu/id/eprint/40676

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