Establishing Physalis as a Solanaceae model system enables genetic reevaluation of the inflated calyx syndrome

He, Jia, Alonge, Michael, Ramakrishnan, Srividya, Benoit, Matthias, Soyk, Sebastian, Reem, Nathan T, Hendelman, Anat, Van Eck, Joyce, Schatz, Michael C, Lippman, Zachary B (October 2022) Establishing Physalis as a Solanaceae model system enables genetic reevaluation of the inflated calyx syndrome. The Plant Cell, 35 (1). pp. 351-368. ISSN 1532-298X

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Abstract

The highly diverse Solanaceae family contains several widely studied model and crop species. Fully exploring, appreciating, and exploiting this diversity requires additional model systems. Particularly promising are orphan fruit crops in the genus Physalis, which occupy a key evolutionary position in the Solanaceae and capture understudied variation in traits such as inflorescence complexity, fruit ripening and metabolites, disease and insect resistance, self-compatibility, and most notable, the striking inflated calyx syndrome (ICS), an evolutionary novelty found across angiosperms where sepals grow exceptionally large to encapsulate fruits in a protective husk. We recently developed transformation and genome editing in Physalis grisea (groundcherry). However, to systematically explore and unlock the potential of this and related Physalis as genetic systems, high-quality genome assemblies are needed. Here, we present chromosome-scale references for P. grisea and its close relative P. pruinosa and use these resources to study natural and engineered variation in floral traits. We first rapidly identified a natural structural variant in a bHLH gene that causes petal color variation. Further, and against expectations, we found that CRISPR-Cas9 targeted mutagenesis of 11 MADS-box genes, including purported essential regulators of ICS, had no effect on inflation. In a forward genetics screen, we identified huskless, which lacks ICS due to mutation of an AP2-like gene that causes sepals and petals to merge into a single whorl of mixed identity. These resources and findings elevate Physalis to a new Solanaceae model system, and establish a paradigm in the search for factors driving ICS.

Item Type:	Paper
Subjects:	bioinformatics bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics evolution bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification > mutations
CSHL Authors:	Benoit, Matthias Soyk, Sebastian Hendelman, Anat Schatz, Michael C. Lippman, Zachary B. He, Jia
Communities:	CSHL labs > Lippman lab CSHL labs > Schatz lab
SWORD Depositor:	CSHL Elements
Depositing User:	CSHL Elements
Date:	21 October 2022
Date Deposited:	27 Oct 2022 01:40
Last Modified:	11 Jan 2024 20:31
PMCID:	PMC9806562
URI:	https://repository.cshl.edu/id/eprint/40741

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