Altemose, Nicolas, Logsdon, Glennis A, Bzikadze, Andrey V, Sidhwani, Pragya, Langley, Sasha A, Caldas, Gina V, Hoyt, Savannah J, Uralsky, Lev, Ryabov, Fedor D, Shew, Colin J, Sauria, Michael EG, Borchers, Matthew, Gershman, Ariel, Mikheenko, Alla, Shepelev, Valery A, Dvorkina, Tatiana, Kunyavskaya, Olga, Vollger, Mitchell R, Rhie, Arang, McCartney, Ann M, Asri, Mobin, Lorig-Roach, Ryan, Shafin, Kishwar, Lucas, Julian K, Aganezov, Sergey, Olson, Daniel, de Lima, Leonardo Gomes, Potapova, Tamara, Hartley, Gabrielle A, Haukness, Marina, Kerpedjiev, Peter, Gusev, Fedor, Tigyi, Kristof, Brooks, Shelise, Young, Alice, Nurk, Sergey, Koren, Sergey, Salama, Sofie R, Paten, Benedict, Rogaev, Evgeny I, Streets, Aaron, Karpen, Gary H, Dernburg, Abby F, Sullivan, Beth A, Straight, Aaron F, Wheeler, Travis J, Gerton, Jennifer L, Eichler, Evan E, Phillippy, Adam M, Timp, Winston, Dennis, Megan Y, O'Neill, Rachel J, Zook, Justin M, Schatz, Michael C, Pevzner, Pavel A, Diekhans, Mark, Langley, Charles H, Alexandrov, Ivan A, Miga, Karen H (April 2022) Complete genomic and epigenetic maps of human centromeres. Science, 376 (6588). eabl4178. ISSN 0036-8075
Abstract
Existing human genome assemblies have almost entirely excluded repetitive sequences within and near centromeres, limiting our understanding of their organization, evolution, and functions, which include facilitating proper chromosome segregation. Now, a complete, telomere-to-telomere human genome assembly (T2T-CHM13) has enabled us to comprehensively characterize pericentromeric and centromeric repeats, which constitute 6.2% of the genome (189.9 megabases). Detailed maps of these regions revealed multimegabase structural rearrangements, including in active centromeric repeat arrays. Analysis of centromere-associated sequences uncovered a strong relationship between the position of the centromere and the evolution of the surrounding DNA through layered repeat expansions. Furthermore, comparisons of chromosome X centromeres across a diverse panel of individuals illuminated high degrees of structural, epigenetic, and sequence variation in these complex and rapidly evolving regions.
| Item Type: | Paper |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification > chromosome > centromere bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification > chromosomes, structure and function > chromosome > centromere evolution organism description > animal > mammal > primates > hominids > human |
| CSHL Authors: | |
| Communities: | CSHL labs > Schatz lab |
| SWORD Depositor: | CSHL Elements |
| Depositing User: | CSHL Elements |
| Date: | 1 April 2022 |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Apr 2022 14:12 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Nov 2023 19:01 |
| PMCID: | PMC9233505 |
| URI: | https://repository.cshl.edu/id/eprint/40567 |
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