Sekutowicz, M., Guggenmos, M., Kuitunen-Paul, S., Garbusow, M., Sebold, M., Pelz, P., Priller, J., Wittchen, H. U., Smolka, M. N., Zimmermann, U. S., Heinz, A., Sterzer, P., Schmack, K. (July 2019) Neural Response Patterns During Pavlovian-to-Instrumental Transfer Predict Alcohol Relapse and Young Adult Drinking. Biol Psychiatry (19). pp. 31513-6. ISSN 0006-3223
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) describes the influence of conditioned stimuli on instrumental behaviors and is discussed as a key process underlying substance abuse. Here, we tested whether neural responses during alcohol-related PIT predict future relapse in alcohol-dependent patients and future drinking behavior in adolescents. METHODS: Recently detoxified alcohol-dependent patients (n = 52) and young adults without dependence (n = 136) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during an alcohol-related PIT paradigm, and their drinking behavior was assessed in a 12-month follow-up. To predict future drinking behavior from PIT activation patterns, we used a multivoxel classification scheme based on linear support vector machines. RESULTS: When training and testing the classification scheme in patients, PIT activation patterns predicted future relapse with 71.2% accuracy. Feature selection revealed that classification was exclusively based on activation patterns in medial prefrontal cortex. To probe the generalizability of this functional magnetic resonance imaging-based prediction of future drinking behavior, we applied the support vector machine classifier that had been trained on patients to PIT functional magnetic resonance imaging data from adolescents. An analysis of cross-classification predictions revealed that those young social drinkers who were classified as abstainers showed a greater reduction in alcohol consumption at 12-month follow-up than those classified as relapsers (Delta = -24.4 +/- 6.0 g vs. -5.7 +/- 3.6 g; p = .019). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that neural responses during PIT could constitute a generalized prognostic marker for future drinking behavior in established alcohol use disorder and in at-risk states.
| Item Type: | Paper |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Investigative techniques and equipment organism description > animal behavior Investigative techniques and equipment > magnetic resonance imaging organs, tissues, organelles, cell types and functions organs, tissues, organelles, cell types and functions > tissues types and functions > prefrontal cortex organs, tissues, organelles, cell types and functions > tissues types and functions |
| CSHL Authors: | |
| Communities: | CSHL labs > Kepecs lab |
| Depositing User: | Matthew Dunn |
| Date: | 11 July 2019 |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Sep 2019 17:02 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Feb 2024 20:38 |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | https://repository.cshl.edu/id/eprint/38410 |
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