Caenorhabditis elegans HUS-1 is a DNA damage checkpoint protein required for genome stability and EGL-1-mediated apoptosis

Hofmann, E. R., Milstein, S., Boulton, S. J., Ye, M. J., Hofmann, J. J., Stergiou, L., Gartner, A., Vidal, M., Hengartner, M. O. (November 2002) Caenorhabditis elegans HUS-1 is a DNA damage checkpoint protein required for genome stability and EGL-1-mediated apoptosis. Current Biology, 12 (22). pp. 1908-1918. ISSN 0960-9822

Abstract

BACKGROUND:The inability to efficiently repair DNA damage or remove cells with severely damaged genomes has been linked to several human cancers. Studies in yeasts and mammals have identified several genes that are required for proper activation of cell cycle checkpoints following various types of DNA damage. However, in metazoans, DNA damage can induce apoptosis as well. How DNA damage activates the apoptotic machinery is not fully understood. RESULTS:We demonstrate here that the Caenorhabditis elegans gene hus-1 is required for DNA damage-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Following DNA damage, HUS-1 relocalizes and forms distinct foci that overlap with chromatin. Relocalization does not require the novel checkpoint protein RAD-5; rather, relocalization appears more frequently in rad-5 mutants, suggesting that RAD-5 plays a role in repair. HUS-1 is required for genome stability, as demonstrated by increased frequency of spontaneous mutations, chromosome nondisjunction, and telomere shortening. Finally, we show that DNA damage increases expression of the proapoptotic gene egl-1, a response that requires hus-1 and the p53 homolog cep-1. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings suggest that the RAD-5 checkpoint protein is not required for HUS-1 to relocalize following DNA damage. Furthermore, our studies reveal a new function of HUS-1 in the prevention of telomere shortening and mortalization of germ cells. DNA damage-induced germ cell death is abrogated in hus-1 mutants, in part, due to the inability of these mutants to activate egl-1 transcription in a cep-1/p53-dependent manner. Thus, HUS-1 is required for p53-dependent activation of a BH3 domain protein in C. elegans.

Item Type: Paper
Subjects: organism description > animal > C elegans
bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification
bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing
organs, tissues, organelles, cell types and functions > cell types and functions > cell functions > apoptosis
CSHL Authors:
Communities: CSHL labs > Hengartner lab
Depositing User: Matt Covey
Date: November 2002
Date Deposited: 08 Jan 2014 20:17
Last Modified: 08 Jan 2014 20:17
Related URLs:
URI: https://repository.cshl.edu/id/eprint/28720

Actions (login required)

Administrator's edit/view item Administrator's edit/view item