Genome-wide analysis of polymerase III-transcribed Alu elements suggests cell-type-specific enhancer function

Zhang, X. O., Gingeras, T. R., Weng, Z. (August 2019) Genome-wide analysis of polymerase III-transcribed Alu elements suggests cell-type-specific enhancer function. Genome Res, 29 (9). pp. 1402-1414. ISSN 1088-9051

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Abstract

Alu elements are one of the most successful families of transposons in the human genome. A portion of Alu elements is transcribed by RNA Pol III, whereas the remaining ones are part of Pol II transcripts. Because Alu elements are highly repetitive, it has been difficult to identify the Pol III-transcribed elements and quantify their expression levels. In this study, we generated high-resolution, long-genomic-span RAMPAGE data in 155 biosamples all with matching RNA-seq data and built an atlas of 17,249 Pol III-transcribed Alu elements. We further performed an integrative analysis on the ChIP-seq data of 10 histone marks and hundreds of transcription factors, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing data, ChIA-PET data, and functional data in several biosamples, and our results revealed that although the human-specific Alu elements are transcriptionally repressed, the older, expressed Alu elements may be exapted by the human host to function as cell-type-specific enhancers for their nearby protein-coding genes.

Item Type:	Paper
Subjects:	bioinformatics bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > protein structure, function, modification bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > protein structure, function, modification > protein types > enzymes > RNA polymerase bioinformatics > computational biology bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > protein structure, function, modification > protein types > histone bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > protein structure, function, modification > protein types bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification > transposons
CSHL Authors:	Gingeras, Thomas R.
Communities:	CSHL labs > Gingeras lab CSHL Cancer Center Program CSHL Cancer Center Program > Gene Regulation and Inheritance Program
Depositing User:	Matthew Dunn
Date:	14 August 2019
Date Deposited:	23 Aug 2019 21:04
Last Modified:	26 Feb 2025 18:44
PMCID:	PMC6724667
Related URLs:	https://genome.cshlp.org/content/early/2...
URI:	https://repository.cshl.edu/id/eprint/38292

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