Latham, K. E., Beddington, R. S., Solter, D., Garrels, J. I. (June 1993) Quantitative analysis of protein synthesis in mouse embryos. II: Differentiation of endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. Mol Reprod Dev, 35 (2). pp. 140-50. ISSN 1040-452X
Abstract
The changes in protein synthesis that occur during differentiation of the primitive germ layers were examined by high-resolution, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins synthesized in 6.5 and 7.5 days postcoitum (d.p.c.) mouse embryos. For 6.5 d.p.c. embryos, protein synthesis patterns were compared between whole extraembryonic and embryonic regions and between embryonic visceral endoderm and embryonic ectoderm. For 7.5 d.p.c. embryos, comparisons were made between extraembryonic and embryonic regions and between isolated embryonic endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. Each of the isolated 7.5 d.p.c. germ layers was divided into anterior and posterior fragments in order to evaluate possible regional differences in gene expression along the anterior-posterior axis. Comparisons of protein synthesis patterns revealed the greatest difference between isolated endoderm and ectoderm, indicating that by as early as 6.5 d.p.c. patterns of gene expression differ significantly between these tissues. The greatest similarities were found between ectoderm and whole embryonic regions and between endoderm and whole extraembryonic regions, which most likely reflects the overall cellular compositions of the embryonic and extraembryonic regions. Based on their patterns of synthesis, four groups of proteins were identified that were preferentially synthesized in either endoderm or ectoderm. These provide useful markers for studying differentiation in these tissues. One other protein, migrating at the position expected for vimentin, was synthesized at an elevated rate in isolated mesoderm. We also observed differences in rates of synthesis of alpha-tubulin and tropomyosin-5 indicative of potential differences in cytoskeletal composition among the germ layers beyond those previously described. The difference in overall protein synthesis patterns between anterior and posterior regions was greatest in the embryonic endoderm, indicating that differentiation along the anterior-posterior axis may be initiated sooner or may proceed more rapidly in the endoderm than in the other germ layers. These data provide the first quantitative evaluation of the degree to which differentiation of the three primitive germ layers affects protein synthesis patterns and reveal potentially useful markers of endoderm and ectoderm differentiation.
| Item Type: | Paper |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Animals Cell Differentiation Crosses, Genetic Ectoderm/*metabolism Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional Embryonic and Fetal Development Endoderm/*metabolism Female Fetal Proteins/*biosynthesis Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Mesoderm/*metabolism Mice/*embryology/metabolism Mice, Inbred C57BL Mice, Inbred DBA Pregnancy |
| Subjects: | organs, tissues, organelles, cell types and functions > cell types and functions > cell functions > cell differentiation organism description > animal > developmental stage organism description > animal > developmental stage > embryo organs, tissues, organelles, cell types and functions > tissues types and functions > endoderm organs, tissues, organelles, cell types and functions > tissues types and functions > endoderm > mesoderm |
| CSHL Authors: | |
| Communities: | CSHL labs |
| Depositing User: | Matt Covey |
| Date: | June 1993 |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Apr 2016 18:40 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Apr 2016 18:40 |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | https://repository.cshl.edu/id/eprint/32562 |
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