O'Gara, M., Roberts, R. J., Cheng, X. (November 1996) A structural basis for the preferential binding of hemimethylated DNA by HhaI DNA methyltransferase. Journal of Molecular Biology, 263 (4). pp. 597-606. ISSN 0022-2836 (Print)
Abstract
The crystal structure of HhaI methyltransferase complexed with non-palindromic duplex DNA, containing a hemimethylated recognition sequence, and with the cofactor analog S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoHcy), has been determined. The structure provides an explanation for the stronger affinities of DNA methyltransferases for hemimethylated DNA than for unmethylated or fully methylated DNA in the presence of AdoHcy. The unmethylated target 2'-deoxycytidine flips out of the DNA helix and the CH group at position 5 makes van der Waals' contacts with the sulfur atom of AdoHcy. Selectivity/preference for hemimethylated over fully methylated DNA may thus reflect interactions among the chemical substituent (H or CH3) at the C5 position of the flipped cytosine, protein and the bound AdoHcy. The 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine on the complementary strand remains in the DNA helix, with the methyl group almost perpendicular to the carboxylate group of Glu239, which is part of the sequence recognition loop. Thus, selectivity/preference for hemimethylated over unmethylated DNA appears to result largely from van der Waals' contacts between the planar Glu239 carboxylate and the methyl group of the 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine. Furthermore, the positive electrostatic potential originating from the bound AdoHcy extends to the DNA phosphate groups flanking the flipped cytosine. The increased binding to DNA by long-range electrostatic interactions should also occur with the methyl donor S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
| Item Type: | Paper |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Amino Acid Sequence Binding Sites Crystallization Crystallography, X-Ray Cytosine/chemistry/metabolism DNA/ chemistry/ metabolism DNA Methylation Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives/chemistry/metabolism Electrons Models, Molecular Molecular Sequence Data Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes/chemistry/metabolism Protein Conformation Protein Structure, Tertiary Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. S-Adenosylhomocysteine/chemistry/metabolism Site-Specific DNA Methyltransferase (Cytosine-Specific)/ chemistry/ metabolism |
| Subjects: | bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > DNA, RNA structure, function, modification > DNA methylation bioinformatics > genomics and proteomics > genetics & nucleic acid processing > protein structure, function, modification > protein types > methyltransferase Investigative techniques and equipment > x ray crystallography |
| CSHL Authors: | |
| Communities: | CSHL labs |
| Depositing User: | Kathleen Darby |
| Date: | 8 November 1996 |
| Date Deposited: | 13 May 2014 15:04 |
| Last Modified: | 13 May 2014 15:04 |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | https://repository.cshl.edu/id/eprint/30097 |
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